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or interested in genetics, evolution or disease, then Biology could be the right subject for you. It’s a broad and exciting field that connects everything from molecules to entire environments and is central to solving global issues like climate change, food security, and public health.
At university, Biology becomes more detailed and hands-on than what you’ll have studied in school. You’ll go deeper into the science behind how living things function, grow, adapt and interact. It’s ideal for students who are naturally curious and enjoy both theory and practical work.
What Is a Biology Degree Like?
A university Biology course introduces you to all the main areas of biological science, then gives you the chance to specialise in the parts that interest you most. You’ll start with the fundamentals in areas like cell biology, genetics and ecology, and then move into more advanced topics such as neuroscience, evolution, biotechnology, conservation or human physiology.
The degree includes lectures, lab work, fieldwork and research projects. You’ll learn how to plan and carry out experiments, analyse data and communicate scientific findings. Depending on your university, you might also have the option to take a year abroad or spend time working in industry or research.
What Will You Study?
While each university offers slightly different modules, most Biology degrees cover a combination of these areas:
Cell Biology and Genetics
You’ll explore how cells work, how DNA is structured and how genes are passed on. This includes learning about gene expression, inheritance, genetic engineering and molecular biology.
Ecology and Evolution
These modules look at how organisms interact with their environment, how species evolve over time and how ecosystems function. Topics may include biodiversity, climate change, conservation and animal behaviour.
Physiology and Anatomy
You’ll study how the bodies of humans and other animals function, from organs and hormones to respiration, the immune system and the nervous system. Some courses also include plant biology and nutrition.
Microbiology and Biotechnology
You’ll learn about bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microorganisms, and how they are used in medicine, agriculture and industry. This often includes topics like antibiotics, vaccines, genetic modification and bioethics.
Fieldwork and Research Skills
Many Biology degrees include outdoor fieldwork in areas like marine biology, forests or grasslands. You’ll also develop key lab techniques, learn how to write scientific reports and use statistical software to interpret data.
In your final year, you’ll typically complete a research project or dissertation on a topic you choose, working with a supervisor and possibly contributing to real scientific research.
How Long Does It Take and How Is It Assessed?
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, a Biology degree usually takes three years, or four if you choose a master’s-level course (MBiol or MSci). In Scotland, most degrees take four years. Some universities offer a year in industry or a year abroad.
You’ll be assessed through a combination of written exams, essays, lab reports, presentations and your final project. Practical skills and independent learning are important, and you’ll spend a lot of time in the lab or out in the field.
What Subjects Do You Need at A Level?
Most universities require Biology A level. Many also prefer or require Chemistry, especially if the course has a strong molecular focus. Other helpful subjects include:
Mathematics – important for statistics and data analysis
Physics – useful for understanding systems biology and biophysics
Geography – helpful for ecology and environmental topics
Further Maths or Computer Science – great for bioinformatics or modelling
It’s always a good idea to check the entry requirements for each course you’re considering.
What Skills Will You Develop?
Biology degrees develop a strong set of transferable skills that are valued in science and many other fields. These include:
Analytical and problem-solving abilities
Attention to detail and critical thinking
Data handling and statistics
Scientific writing and communication
Practical lab and field techniques
Teamwork and time management
Whether or not you continue in science, these skills will help in a wide range of careers.
What Can You Do With a Biology Degree?
Biology leads to a huge range of careers. Some graduates go straight into work, while others continue with a master’s or PhD to specialise further. Some common career paths include:
Scientific research or lab work
Biotechnology or pharmaceuticals
Conservation or environmental consultancy
Healthcare and public health
Education, outreach or science communication
Science policy or regulatory roles
Graduate entry to medicine, dentistry or veterinary science
Data analysis or bioinformatics
You could also apply your skills in business, marketing, publishing or finance, especially if you combine your science background with communication or analytical strengths.
Can You Study Biology Abroad?
Absolutely. Biology is offered at top universities all over the world. In the USA, it’s often taken as a major within a four-year liberal arts degree. In Canada, many Biology degrees include co-op placements and strong links to healthcare or environmental sectors. In the Netherlands, Sweden and Germany, you’ll find English-taught Biology programmes that follow the European three-year model. In Australia and New Zealand, Biology is often studied as part of a flexible science degree, with excellent opportunities for marine, wildlife and ecological research.
Is Biology the Right Course for You?
If you’re fascinated by the natural world, enjoy learning how living things work, and are open to a mix of theory, practical work and problem-solving, Biology could be a great choice. It offers variety, scientific depth and lots of flexibility in what you can specialise in or pursue later on.
