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From the tiniest particles to the vastness of galaxies, Physics helps us understand the laws that govern matter, energy, space and time. It’s a subject for people who enjoy solving complex problems, asking big questions and applying mathematical thinking to the real world.
If you’ve ever wondered how black holes form, how quantum mechanics works, how lasers or GPS operate, or how to model the behaviour of matter under extreme conditions, Physics could be the perfect subject for you.
What Is Physics Like at University?
Physics at university is both broad and deep. You’ll build on what you’ve studied at school or college, but you’ll also encounter new ideas that are far more advanced and abstract. You’ll explore everything from classical mechanics and electromagnetism to quantum physics and relativity. You’ll also spend time developing practical skills in labs, learning how to model systems using maths and computers, and improving your ability to solve real-world problems.
It’s an intellectually demanding subject, but also hugely rewarding if you enjoy thinking logically, working with numbers and pushing your understanding of the universe.
What Will You Study?
Most Physics degrees start with core topics in the first year and then give you the chance to specialise later on. Typical areas of study include:
Mechanics and Motion
This includes Newton’s laws, energy, forces and motion, as well as more advanced topics like rotational dynamics and fluid mechanics.
Electricity and Magnetism
You’ll study electric fields, circuits, magnetism and electromagnetism, which underpin technologies like motors, generators and wireless communication.
Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
This area looks at heat, temperature, energy transfer and the statistical behaviour of large systems like gases or stars.
Waves and Optics
You’ll explore how waves behave, including sound, light, interference and diffraction, and how these principles are used in lenses, lasers and imaging systems.
Quantum Physics
This is where things get weird. You’ll learn how particles can act like waves, how uncertainty affects measurement, and how quantum theory explains atomic and subatomic behaviour.
Relativity
Special relativity explores the physics of motion at near-light speeds, while general relativity deals with gravity, black holes and spacetime curvature.
Nuclear and Particle Physics
You’ll study the structure of the atom, nuclear reactions, radioactivity and the fundamental particles and forces that make up the universe.
Mathematics and Computing
Physics relies heavily on maths, so you’ll study calculus, vectors, differential equations and matrices. Many degrees also teach programming skills for data analysis and simulations.
Practical Labs and Research
Lab work is a major part of the course. You’ll learn how to plan and carry out experiments, take accurate measurements and analyse results. In your final year, you’ll usually complete a research project in a specialist area.
How Long Does It Take and What Are the Options?
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, most students study Physics for three years for a BSc or four years for an MPhys or MSci integrated master’s degree. In Scotland, the standard route is a four-year BSc or five-year MPhys. Many universities offer an industrial placement or the chance to study abroad.
Some courses allow you to combine Physics with subjects like Maths, Astronomy, Computer Science or Philosophy, depending on your interests.
How Will You Be Taught and Assessed?
Physics is taught through a mix of lectures, problem-solving classes, lab sessions and small-group tutorials. Assessment includes written exams, lab reports, coursework, group projects and your final research project. You’ll be expected to do a lot of independent study and keep your maths skills sharp throughout.
What A Levels or Subjects Do You Need?
Physics – essential for all Physics degrees
Mathematics – also essential, as Physics relies heavily on maths
Further Mathematics – useful but not always required
Chemistry or Computer Science – helpful for related areas or interdisciplinary options
Some universities may offer foundation years if you don’t have the exact subject mix, but top courses will expect high grades in Physics and Maths.
What Skills Will You Develop?
A Physics degree trains you to think clearly, analyse data and approach complex problems methodically. You’ll develop:
Strong mathematical reasoning
Programming and data handling skills
Practical laboratory techniques
Critical thinking and logical analysis
Problem-solving and resilience
Communication and scientific writing
These skills are highly valued in science, engineering and technology but also in sectors like finance, data science and education.
What Can You Do With a Physics Degree?
Physics graduates are in demand across many fields. Some go on to further study, such as a master’s or PhD, while others go straight into work. Possible career paths include:
Research scientist in academia or industry
Engineer in electronics, aerospace, energy or materials
Software developer or data analyst
Meteorologist or climate modeller
Medical physicist or radiographer
Science communicator, teacher or technical writer
Investment analyst or risk consultant in finance
Government policy advisor or patent officer
Physics opens doors because it shows that you can handle difficult concepts, solve problems under pressure and work with abstract thinking and real-world data.
Can You Study Physics Abroad?
Yes, and Physics is a globally respected subject. In the US, you’d usually major in Physics as part of a four-year liberal arts degree. In Canada, Physics degrees are typically four years with strong options for research and co-op placements. In the EU, particularly in the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden, there are many English-taught Physics programmes that follow a three-year model. In Australia and New Zealand, Physics is usually studied within a Bachelor of Science with lots of flexibility and fieldwork opportunities.
Is Physics the Right Course for You?
If you enjoy problem-solving, have a strong interest in how the universe works, and are confident with maths, Physics could be a great choice. It’s a subject for people who don’t mind being challenged and who find satisfaction in getting to the root of how things work.
Whether you want to explore space, develop new technologies, understand quantum mechanics or apply science to real-world problems, Physics gives you the knowledge and tools to go further. It’s a subject that can lead to many exciting futures, and helps you make sense of everything from the microscopic to the cosmic.
