Physics BSc

Physics is the study of matter, energy and the fundamental laws that govern the universe. From the behaviour of subatomic particles to the motion of galaxies, physics seeks to explain how everything works. A Physics degree is ideal for students who are curious about the natural world, enjoy problem-solving, and are confident in mathematics.

Course Structure

Most Physics degrees last three years full time (BSc), or four years with a placement year, study abroad or an integrated master’s (MPhys/MSci). Some universities also offer specialised options, such as Astrophysics, Theoretical Physics, or Medical Physics.

Teaching combines lectures, laboratory experiments, problem-solving workshops, computational classes, group projects and independent research. Assessment typically includes exams, lab reports, problem sets, presentations and a final-year project.

Typical Modules

Year 1 – Foundations of Physics

Classical Mechanics and Waves

Electricity and Magnetism

Quantum Physics and Atomic Structure

Thermal Physics

Mathematics for Physicists

Laboratory and Computing Skills

Year 2 – Core Physics

Quantum Mechanics and Particle Physics

Electromagnetism and Optics

Solid State and Materials Physics

Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

Computational Physics (modelling and simulations)

Experimental Physics and Data Analysis

Year 3 – Advanced Study and Specialisation

Advanced Quantum Mechanics

Nuclear and Particle Physics

Condensed Matter Physics

Cosmology and Relativity

Optional modules such as Astrophysics, Medical Imaging or Nanophysics

Final-Year Research Project or Dissertation

Year 4 (if integrated master’s)

Advanced Theoretical Physics or Applied Physics

Cutting-edge topics such as Quantum Computing, Plasma Physics or High-Energy Physics

Extended Research Project or Thesis

Useful A-Level or BTEC Subjects

• A levels: Physics (essential) and Mathematics (essential). Further Maths is highly recommended.

  
  

• BTECs: Applied Science may be considered, but A level Physics and Maths are usually required.

  
  

• International Baccalaureate: Higher Level Physics and Maths are essential.

  
  

What Makes a Strong Application

Universities look for students who enjoy solving problems and applying maths to explain natural phenomena. A strong application should include:

• Excellent grades in Physics and Maths.

  
  

• A personal statement showing genuine interest in physics, curiosity about scientific questions and awareness of its applications.

  
  

• Evidence of wider engagement, such as reading popular science books, attending lectures, physics competitions or programming projects.

  
  

• Numerical and logical reasoning skills demonstrated through coursework or problem-solving activities.

Transferable Skills You Will Develop

A Physics degree builds skills valued across research, technology and industry:

• Analytical and quantitative skills – applying maths to solve complex problems.

  
  

• Computational skills – programming, modelling and simulations.

  
  

• Research and experimentation – designing and interpreting experiments.

  
  

• Problem-solving – tackling abstract and practical challenges.

  
  

• Communication – presenting findings to technical and non-technical audiences.

  
  

• Data handling – working with large datasets and statistical methods.

  
  

Wider Reading: Recommended Books for Aspiring Physics Students

Here are four accessible and inspiring books:

“A Brief History of Time” by Stephen Hawking – A classic introduction to cosmology.

“Six Easy Pieces” by Richard Feynman – An engaging look at the basics of physics.

“The Fabric of the Cosmos” by Brian Greene – A clear exploration of space, time and reality.

“In Search of Schrödinger’s Cat” by John Gribbin – A lively introduction to quantum physics.

Typical Pay After Graduation

Physics graduates are in high demand across science, technology, engineering and finance. Starting salaries are typically £25,000–£32,000. With experience, careers in data science, research, engineering or consultancy can reach £40,000–£60,000. Senior roles in academia, aerospace, energy, finance or technology can exceed £70,000–£100,000+.