International Relations BA

International Relations (IR) is the study of how states, organisations and individuals interact on the global stage. It explores themes such as war and peace, diplomacy, international law, global security, human rights and globalisation. An International Relations degree is perfect for students who are globally minded, analytical and keen to understand the political, economic and cultural forces that shape world affairs.

Course Structure

Most International Relations degrees last three years full time, or four years with a placement year or study abroad. Many universities also offer joint honours programmes, such as International Relations and Politics, International Relations and Economics, or International Relations and Law.

Teaching includes lectures, seminars, group debates, simulations (such as Model UN or crisis role-play exercises), and independent research. Assessment methods usually include essays, policy briefs, presentations, exams, and a dissertation in the final year.

Typical Modules

Year 1 – Foundations of International Relations

Introduction to International Relations

Global Politics Since 1945

Political Theory and Key Thinkers

Comparative Politics and International Systems

Research Methods in Politics and International Relations

Year 2 – Core Themes and Approaches

Theories of International Relations (Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism)

International Security and Conflict Studies

International Organisations (UN, NATO, WTO, EU)

Global Political Economy

Human Rights and International Law

Optional modules in regional politics (e.g. Middle East, Asia, Africa, Latin America)

Year 3 – Advanced Study and Specialisation

War, Terrorism and Peacebuilding

Climate Change and Global Governance

Migration, Refugees and Borders

Foreign Policy Analysis

Dissertation or Independent Research Project

Specialist options such as cyber security, gender in international relations, or development studies

Useful A-Level or BTEC Subjects

Entry requirements vary, but helpful subjects include:

• A levels: Politics, History, Sociology, Economics, Geography or Philosophy.

  
  

• BTECs: Applied Social Sciences, Law or Public Services may be considered.

  
  

• International Baccalaureate: Higher Level Politics, History or Global Politics are excellent preparation.

  
  

• Strong essay-writing and critical thinking skills are essential.

  
  

What Makes a Strong Application

Universities look for students who are engaged with global issues and capable of critical analysis. A strong application should include:

• Strong grades in essay-based subjects.

  
  

• A personal statement showing enthusiasm for international affairs, diplomacy or global challenges.

  
  

• Evidence of wider engagement, such as Model United Nations, debating clubs, political volunteering, or following international news.

  
  

• Analytical and communication skills, demonstrated through extended essays or public speaking.

Transferable Skills You Will Develop

An International Relations degree equips students with both academic and professional skills, including:

• Critical analysis – evaluating global issues and theories.

  
  

• Research – conducting independent investigations into political systems and international organisations.

  
  

• Communication – writing persuasively and presenting arguments effectively.

  
  

• Problem-solving – applying theory to complex international problems.

  
  

• Cultural awareness – understanding diverse perspectives and global contexts.

  
  

• Policy analysis – interpreting the role of states, NGOs and institutions.

  
  

Wider Reading: Recommended Books for Aspiring International Relations Students

Here are four accessible and inspiring books:

“The Globalization of World Politics” by John Baylis, Patricia Owens and Steve Smith – A widely used textbook in IR courses.

“Global Politics” by Andrew Heywood – An excellent introduction to key international issues and debates.

“Prisoners of Geography” by Tim Marshall – Explains how geography influences global power and politics.

“The Tragedy of Great Power Politics” by John Mearsheimer – A realist perspective on global power struggles.

Typical Pay After Graduation

International Relations graduates pursue diverse careers. Starting salaries are typically £22,000–£28,000 in areas such as NGOs, public policy, government, journalism, and international business. With experience, roles in diplomacy, consultancy, political risk analysis, or international organisations can earn £35,000–£50,000. Senior positions in policy, government, think tanks or global institutions may reach £60,000+.